Philippines
The Philippines struggles with state-sanctioned extrajudicial violence, severe online disinformation campaigns, and lethal danger for journalists and political activists.
Who gets targeted here
Class and caste bias
Extreme wealth inequality drives lethal state violence. The 'War on Drugs' primarily targeted the urban poor, resulting in thousands of extrajudicial killings with near-total impunity.
Where this comes from
- Human Rights Watch (2023)
Political polarization
Political discourse is heavily manipulated by coordinated online disinformation networks (troll farms) that weaponize historical revisionism and target dissenting voices.
Where this comes from
- Rappler (2022)"Investigation into networked disinformation."
Anti-Indigenous bias
Indigenous communities (e.g., Lumad) face severe violence, displacement, and 'red-tagging' (being labeled communist rebels) for opposing corporate mining and logging projects.
Where this comes from
- Global Witness (2021)